簡介
DP5
Amptek的 DP5 是一款高性能數位脈衝處理器(DPP),已針對 OEM 和實驗室使用者需求進行了最佳化。 它的作用是將前置放大器輸出信號數位化,取代了傳統類比光譜系統中的整形放大器和 MCA。 與傳統系統相比,DP5 的優勢明顯,這些優勢包括改進的性能(極高的解析度、減少彈道缺陷、更高的傳遞量和增強的穩定性)、擴展的靈活性、低功耗、小尺寸和低成本等。
我要諮詢Amptek的 DP5 是一款高性能數位脈衝處理器(DPP),已針對 OEM 和實驗室使用者需求進行了最佳化。 它的作用是將前置放大器輸出信號數位化,取代了傳統類比光譜系統中的整形放大器和 MCA。 與傳統系統相比,DP5 的優勢明顯,這些優勢包括改進的性能(極高的解析度、減少彈道缺陷、更高的傳遞量和增強的穩定性)、擴展的靈活性、低功耗、小尺寸和低成本等。
DP5 使用專用電路進行脈衝處理。 它包括一個 8051 相容微處理器,用於控制裝置。 通信介面包括 RS-232、USB 和乙太網路。 它還有多條通用 I/O 線路。 DP5 適合 OEM 和需要定製功能且熟悉電子器件的實驗室使用者。
特點
上圖的軌跡線 1 顯示了 DP5 的輸入,它同時也是重置型電荷靈敏前置放大器的輸出。 它由類比前置濾波器處理,然後產生軌跡線 2 中所示的前置濾波器輸出。 它被數位化和數位處理,然後產生軌跡線 3 中所示的 DP5 整形輸出。 最後,DP5 會生成一個多通道分析儀(MCA)類型的輸出光譜,如圖 4 所示。
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脈衝處理性能
增益 |
粗調增益和微調增益的組合產生了從 x0.84 到 x127.5 連續可調的總增益。 |
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粗調增益 |
從 x1.12 到 x102.00 的 16 個對數間隔粗調增益設置
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微調增益 |
微調增益在0.75和1.25之間可調,13位解析度 |
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滿刻度 |
1000 mV 輸入脈衝 @ x1 增益 |
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增益穩定性 |
<20 ppm/° C(典型值) |
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ADC 時鐘頻率 |
20 或 80 MHz,12 位 ADC(軟體可選) |
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脈衝形狀 |
梯形。 具有整形時間 t 的半高斯放大器的峰值時間為 2.2t,其性能與相同峰值時間的梯形形狀相當。 |
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峰值時間 |
有 30 個軟體可選的介於 0.1 和 102 μs 之間的峰值時間,對應於 0.05 至 45 μs 的半高斯整形時間。 |
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平頂時間 |
每個峰值時間有 16 個軟體可選的值(取決於峰值時間),>0.05 μs。 |
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最大計數率 |
峰值時間為 0.2 μs 時,可以擷取到 4 MHz 的周期信號。 |
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每個脈衝的死區時間 |
死區時間為 1.05 x 峰值時間。 無轉換時間。 |
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快速通道峰值時間 |
20 MHz: 200、400、800、1600、3200 ns |
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快速通道脈衝對解析度 |
等於快速通道峰值時間加上信號上升時間。 |
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堆積刪除 |
脈衝間隔大於快速通道分辨時間 120 ns 和小於 1.05 x 峰值時間的脈衝將被刪除。 |
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基線恢復 |
非對稱,有16個軟體可選的轉換速率設置。 |
MCA 性能
通道數 |
可程式設計為256、512、1024、2048、4096和8192個通道。 |
每通道位元組數 |
3 位元組(24 bits)–16.7M 計數。 |
預設擷取時間 |
10 ms 至 466 天 |
數據傳輸時間 |
1k 通道 5 ms(USB),280 ms(RS-232) |
轉換時間 |
無 |
預設 |
時間、總計數、ROI 計數、通道計數 |
MCS 時基 |
10 ms /通道至 300 s /通道 |
外部 MCA 控制 |
閘輸入: 只有在外部邏輯閘控時才接受脈衝。 輸入可以是高電平有效或低電平有效。 |
計數器 |
MCA 接受的慢速通道事件、傳入計數(高於閾值的快速通道計數)、選擇邏輯拒絕的事件和外部事件計數器。 |
硬體
微處理器 |
Silicon Labs 8051F340 8051 相容核心處理器。 |
外部記憶體 |
512kB 低功耗 SRAM。 |
韌體 |
訊號處理透過韌體可程式化,可在現場升級。 |
通信
RS-232 |
標準 RS-232 串行介面,最高可達 115.2 Kbaud。 |
USB |
標準 USB 2.0 全速(12 Mbps)。 |
乙太網路 |
標準 10base-T |
輔助輸入和輸出
此連接器的主要用途是輸出 DP5 主要用途(獲取光譜並透過串行介面傳輸)所不需要的邏輯訊號。 這些通常是與 DP5 處理的每個脈衝相關的 "低電平 "邏輯訊號。 它們主要用於使 DP5 資料擷取與外部硬體同步,以及 DP5 的直接計數器/定時器輸出。 信號說明如下。 連接器為 2×8 直角 Samtec 零件號碼 ASP-135096-01。
單通道分析儀(共 16 個) |
硬體 |
數字輸入 |
兩個獨立輸入,可通過軟體選擇 MCA_GATE、EXTERNAL_COUNTER I/O |
數字輸出 |
兩個獨立輸出,可通過軟體在 8 種設置之間選擇,包括 INCOMING_COUNT、PILEUP MCS_TIMEBASE 等。 |
I/O |
兩條通用 I/O 線路,用於自定義應用程式。 |
數位示波器 |
在電腦上顯示示波器波形。 可藉助軟體選擇顯示整形輸出、ADC 輸入等,以幫助調試或最佳化配置。 |
輔助連接器接腳定義
接腳編號 |
名稱 |
接腳編號 |
名稱 |
1 |
SCA1 |
2 |
SCA2 |
3 |
SCA3 |
4 |
SCA4 |
5 |
SCA5 |
6 |
SCA6 |
7 |
SCA7 |
8 |
SCA8 |
9 |
AUX_IN_1 |
10 |
AUX_OUT_1 |
11 |
AUX_IN_2 |
12 |
AUX_OUT_2 |
13 |
IO2 |
14 |
IO3 |
15 |
GND |
16 |
GND |
連接
類比輸入端 |
類比輸入接受來自電荷靈敏前置放大器的正向或負向脈衝。 |
電源 |
+ 5 VDC。 Hirose MQ172-3PA(55) |
RS-232 |
標準 2.5 mm 立體音源插孔。 |
USB |
標準 USB mini-b 插孔。 |
乙太網路 |
標準 RJ-45 乙太網路插孔。 |
輔助 |
2 × 8 16 針 2 mm 間距(Samtec 部件號 ASP-135096-01)。 與 Samtec P/N TCMD-08-S-XX. XX-01 連接器配合使用。 |
DAC 輸出 |
此輸出用於示波器模式,以查看整形脈衝和其它診斷信號; 範圍:0 至 1 V。 |
介面軟體
DPPMCA |
DP5 可由 Amptek DPPMCA 顯示和擷取軟體控制。 此軟體可完全控制和配置 DP5,並下載和顯示數據。 它支援感興趣區(ROI)、校正、尋峰等。 DPPMCA 軟體可無縫連接到 XRS-FP 定量 X 射線分析套件。 在 Windows XP PRO SP3 或更高版本下運行。 |
SDK |
DP5 附帶免費的軟體開發套件(SDK)。 使用者可以使用此軟體開發套件輕鬆編寫自定義程式碼,以控制用於自定義應用程式的 DP5 或將其連接到更大的系統。 其中包含 VB、VC++ …等程式語言。 |
VB 演示軟體 |
VB 演示軟體可在個人電腦上執行操作,允許使用者設定 DP5 參數、啟動和停止資料收集以及保存資料檔案。 軟體提供原始碼,用戶可自行修改。 軟體是一個範例,說明如何在不使用 SDK 的情況下,透過 USB、RS232 或乙太網路埠,使用最基本的呼叫方式手動控制 DP5。 |
電源
+5 V |
80 MHz 時鐘:200 mA(1 W)(典型值)。 |
輸入範圍 |
+4 V 至 +5.5 V(在 0.25 至 0.18 A 的典型值下) 。 |
初始瞬態 |
2 A,<100 ns。 |
電源 |
外部電源或 USB 總線。 |
物理
尺寸 |
3.5 cm x 2.5 cm; 8.9 釐米 x 6.4 cm。 |
重量 |
32 g。 |
一般資訊和環境
工作條件 |
-40°C至 +85°C。 |
保固 |
1 年。 |
典型設備壽命 |
5 至 10 年,視使用方式而定。 |
儲存和運輸 |
長期存儲:10年以上保持環境乾燥。 |
合規 |
符合RoHS。 |
Our DP5 is a high performance digital pulse processor (DPP) optimized for OEMs and lab users. It digitizes the preamplifier output signals, replacing both the shaping amplifier and MCA in a traditional, analog spectroscopy system. The DP5 offers several clear advantages over traditional systems, including improved performance (very high resolution, reduced ballistic deficit, higher throughput, and enhanced stability), enhanced flexibility, low power consumption, small size, and low cost.
The DP5 implements the pulse processing using dedicated circuitry. It includes an 8051 compatible microcontroller for controlling the unit. Communication interfaces include RS-232, USB, and Ethernet. Several general purpose I/O lines are also available. The DP5 is suitable for OEMs and for laboratory users who need custom capabilities and are familiar with electronics.
Features
Figure 2. Trace 1 above shows the input to the DP5, which is the output from a reset-type charge sensitive preamplifier. This is processed by the analog prefilter producing the prefilter output shown in Trace 2. This is digitized and then processed digitally, producing the DP5’s shaped output shown in Trace 3. Finally, the DP5 creates a multichannel anlayzer (MCA) type output spectrum shown in Graph 4.
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Pulse Processing Performance
Gain |
Combination of coarse and fine gains yields overall gain continuously adjustable from x0.84 to x127.5.
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Coarse Gain |
16 log spaced coarse gain settings from x1.12 to x102.00
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Fine Gain |
Fine gain is adjustable between 0.75 and 1.25, 13 bit resolution
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Full Scale |
1000 mV input pulse @ x1 gain |
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Gain Stability |
<20 ppm/° C (typical) |
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ADC Clock Rate |
20 or 80 MHz, 12 bit ADC (software selectable) |
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Pulse Shape |
Trapezoidal. A semi-gaussian amplifier with shaping time t has a peaking time of 2.2t and is comparable in performance with the trapezoidal shape of the same peaking time. |
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Peaking Times |
30 software selectable peaking times between 0.1 and 102 µs, corresponding to semi-Gaussian shaping times of 0.05 to 45 µs. |
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Flat Top Times |
16 software selectable values for each peaking time (depends on the peaking time), >0.05 µs. |
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Max Count Rate |
With a peaking time of 0.2 µs, a 4 MHz periodic signal can be acquired. |
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Dead Time per pulse |
Dead time is 1.05 x peaking time. No conversion time. |
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Fast Channel Peaking Times |
20 MHz: 200、400、800、1600、3200 ns |
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Fast Channel Pulse Pair Resolving Time |
Equal to the fast channel peaking time plus the signal risetime. |
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Pile-Up Reject |
Pulses separated by more than the fast channel resolving time, 120 ns, and less than 1.05 x peaking time are rejected. |
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Baseline Restoration |
Assymetric, 16 software selectable slew rate settings. |
MCA Performance
Number of channels |
Commandable to 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, and 8192 channels. |
Bytes per channel |
3 bytes (24 bits) – 16.7M counts |
Preset Acquisition Time |
10 ms to 466 days |
Data Transfer Time |
1k channels in 5 milliseconds (USB), 280 milliseconds (RS-232) |
Conversion Time |
None |
Presets |
Time, total counts, counts in an ROI, counts in a channel |
MCS Timebase |
10 millisec/channel to 300 sec/channel |
External MCA Controls |
Gate input: Pulses accepted only when gated on by external logic. Input can be active high or active low. |
Counters |
Slow channel events accepted by MCA, Incoming counts (fast channel counts above threshold), event rejected by selection logic, and external event counter. |
Hardware
Microprocessor |
Silicon Labs 8051F340 8051-compatible core |
External Memory |
512kB low-power SRAM |
Firmware |
Signal processing is programmed via firmware, which can be upgraded in the field. |
Communications
RS-232 |
Standard RS-232 serial interface at up to 115.2 Kbaud. |
USB |
Standard USB 2.0 full speed (12 Mbps). |
Ethernet |
Standard 10base-T |
Auxiliary Inputs and Outputs
The primary purpose of this connector is to bring out logic signals which are not required for the primary use of the DP5: acquiring spectra and transmitting them over the serial interface. These are generally “low level” logic signals associated with each pulse processed by the DP5. They are primarily used for synchronizing the DP5 data acquisition to external hardware and for direct counter/timer outputs from the DP5. The signals are described below. The connector is a 2×8 right angle Samtec part number ASP-135096-01.
Single Channel Analyzers (total of 16)
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Hardware Software
8 SCA’s, independent selectable LLDs and ULDs, selectable between 8 settings including INCOMING_COUNT, PILEUP, MCS_TIMEBASE, etc. The software SCA’s are connected to internal counters and read out by software.
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Digital Inputs |
Two independent inputs, software selectable for MCA_GATE, EXTERNAL_COUNTER I/O |
Digital Outputs |
Two independent outputs, software selectable between 8 settings including INCOMING_COUNT, PILEUP, MCS_TIMEBASE, etc. |
I/O |
Two general purpose I/O lines for custom application. |
Digital Outputs |
Displays oscilloscope traces on the computer. Software selectable to show shaped output, ADC input, etc., to assist in debugging or optimizing configurations. |
Auxiliary Connector Pin Assignments
Pin |
Name |
Pin |
Name |
1 |
SCA1 |
2 |
SCA2 |
3 |
SCA3 |
4 |
SCA4 |
5 |
SCA5 |
6 |
SCA6 |
7 |
SCA7 |
8 |
SCA8 |
9 |
AUX_IN_1 |
10 |
AUX_OUT_1 |
11 |
AUX_IN_2 |
12 |
AUX_OUT_2 |
13 |
IO2 |
14 |
IO3 |
15 |
GND |
16 |
GND |
Connections
Analog Input |
The analog input accepts positive or negative going pulses from a charge sensitive preamplifier. |
Power |
+ 5 VDC。 Hirose MQ172-3PA(55) |
RS-232 |
Standard 2.5 mm stereo audio jack. |
USB |
Standard USB mini-b jack. |
Ethernet |
Standard RJ-45 Ethernet jack. |
Auxiliary |
2×8 16-pin 2 mm spacing (Samtec part number ASP-135096-01). Mates with connector Samtec P/N TCMD-08-S-XX.XX-01 |
DAC Output |
This output is used in oscilloscope mode, to view the shaped pulse and other diagnostic signals. Range: 0 to 1 V. |
Interface Software
DPPMCA |
DPPMCA The DP5 can be controlled by the Amptek DPPMCA display and acquisition software. This software completely controls and configures the DP5, and downloads and displays the data. It supports regions of interest (ROI), calibrations, peak searching, and so on. Runs under Windows XP PRO SP3 or later. |
SDK |
The DP5 comes with a free Software Developer’s Kit (SDK). The user can use this kit to easily write custom code to control the DP5 for custom applications or to interface it to a larger system. Examples are provided in VB, VC++, etc. |
VB Demonstration Software |
The VB demonstration software runs on a personal computer and permits the user to set the DP5 parameters, to start and stop data acquisition, and to save data files. It is provided with source code and can be modified by the user. This software is intended as an example of how to manually control the DP5 through either the USB, RS232, or Ethernet interface using the most basic calls without the SDK. This is primarily needed as an example when writing software for non-Windows platforms. |
Power
+5 V |
80 Mhz clock: 200 mA (1 W) (typical) |
Input Range |
+4 V 至 +5.5 V(at 0.25 to 0.18 A typical) |
Initial transient |
2 A,<100 ns。 |
Power Source |
External supply or USB bus |
Physical
Size |
3.5 in x 2.5 in; 8.9 cm x 6.4 cm |
Weight |
32 g。 |
General and Environmental
Operating temperature |
-40 °C to +85 °C |
Warranty Period |
1 Year |
Typical Device Lifetime |
5 to 10 years, depending on use |
Storage and shipping |
Long term storage: 10+ years in dry environment |
Compliance |
RoHS Compliant |